Difference between revisions of "MarineLives"

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==We need your help to create three thousand biographies==
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==Summer challenge, 2017: How to make money in C17th commercial shipping?==
  
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'''This summer the MarineLives project team is looking at the drivers of profit and loss in C17th commercial shipping. We will publish as we go and welcome comments, contradiction, and offers of help and data.'''
    <div style="background: #b0c4de; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold;">Anchorsmiths, apprentices, bakers, ballastmen, blockmakers, boatswains, booksellers, brewers, brokers, butchers, captains, carpenters, chandlers, cheesemongers... mariners, master's mates, merchants...stevedores, stewards, steersmen, turners, upholsterers, vintners, watermen, widows, winecoopers, woodmongers and yeomen</div>
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<div style="font-famil:Garamond; font-size: normal;">'''We need the help of volunteers to create three thousand biographies of men (and some women) who gave evidence in the High Court of Admiralty in the 1650s.'''
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'''These witnesses range from anchorsmiths and bakers through to woodmongers and yeomen. Over eighty-five different occupations. Aged between seventeen and eighty-two. From most parishes in London, and many in Middlesex and Surrey, but also from Brazil, from Angola, and from Persia.'''</div>
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To give you a flavour of what is involved, please take a look at any of the following people: The shipwright and ship's carpenter '''[[William Venus]]''', the grocer '''[[Henry Tulse]]''', and the sailor and foremastman '''[[Henry Betts]]'''. Click on their names and you will go to a short biography and factbox about the person.
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You can see the simple form which has been used to create these biographies by typing one of their names into the box below and clicking on "Create or edit a MarineLives biography", for example "Henry Betts". You will be able to see the information as it has been entered by a volunteer. To be able to edit the information, or to create a new biography, you will need a Username and Password. Please [http://marinelives.org/wiki/Special:MarineLivesContact contact us] if you would like to learn more about volunteering.
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==Early results from our work==
  
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    <div style="background: #b0c4de; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold;">How old were the ships?</div>
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<div style="font-famil:Garamond; font-size: normal;">'''The size of our dataset for the analysis of ship age is one hundred and fifteen; of which thirteen datapoints simply state "new" or "old"; a further twenty-four datapoints are minimum ages, with the possibility that the ships were older; and seventy-eight datapoints give ship age accurate to the year. For these latter seventy-nine datapoints we have ship burthen data in tonnage for thirty-seven of them, which we display below in graphical form'''</div>
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The average age of ships for which we have age and tonnage data is 6.1 years (n=37), whereas the average age of ships for which we have age data accurate to the year for which we have no tonnage data is 7.1 years (n=41). We also have ship age and estimated tonnage data (based on an assumption of no dead freight) for a further nine ships, with an average age of ships pf XX (n=9).
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[[File:Ship Age 10072017.JPG|500px|thumbnail|left|]]
  
{{#forminput:form=SemBioLongInfoBoxThreeWithBanner|size=50|default value=|placeholder=Type name of an Admiralty Court deponent|button text=Create or edit a MarineLives biography|new window}}
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Dr Ian Friel has shared with us [https://twitter.com/DrIanFriel/status/884360083634892800 a summary of data from his unpublished survey of High Court of Admiralty documents from the 1580s]. His data are for a period forty to eighty years earlier than our own High Court of Admiralty data. Ian's survey found ages for thirty-nine ships, with an average age of nearly fifteen years and twenty-nine of them of ten years or more in age.
  
[[File:Henry Betts 28072016.PNG|700px|thumb|center|MarineLives profile of [[Henry Betts]]]]
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Comparison of textual and numerical data for 1630-1670, with the bulk of the data from the 1650s, suggest Admiralty Court witnesses regarded ships aged between zero and five years as "new" and ships of fourteen years and above as "old".
  
 
{{#ask:
 
[[Henry Betts]] OR [[Henry Tulse]] OR [[William Venus]]
 
|mainlabel=Deponents
 
|limit=0
 
|Searchlabel=Click to see data table
 
|?Occupation
 
|?Birth year
 
|?Res parish
 
|?Res town
 
|?Dep date
 
|?Dep start
 
|intro=The data in the factboxes will be fully searchable and available to all users of our wiki, as will the text biographies - a chance for each of you to help the project and to make a contribution to historical research.
 
}}
 
 
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     <div style="background: #b0c4de; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold;">How many tons of shipping could one crew member support?</div>
==Interviews with historians==
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     <div style="background: #b0c4de; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold;">Interviews with Historians</div>
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<div style="font-famil:Garamond; font-size: normal;">'''We are conducting a series of interviews with professional historians about their use of electronic search in support of their research strategies'''</div>
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<div style="font-famil:Garamond; font-size: normal;">'''The size of our dataset for the analysis of tons of ship burthen per crew member is one hundred and sixteen. We have crew size data for one hundred and seventy-two ships, but lack ship burthen data in tons for fifty-six of these.'''</div>
Recent interviews include social historians Dr Andy Burn (Durham University) and Dr James Brown (University of Sheffield) and maritime historian Dr Cathryn Pearce (University of Greenwich)
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The average crew size for the larger dataset is 47.3, including six exceptionally manned men of war with 275 or more men per ship (n = 172). The average crew size for the smaller dataset, where we have crew number and ship tonnage is 36.5 (n=116).
 
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[[File:Dr Andy Burn 09072016.PNG|100px|thumbnail|left|[https://durham.academia.edu/AndyBurn Dr Andy Burn, Durham University]]]
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Dr Andy Burn is a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Durham. His current research concerns "Social Relations and Everyday Life in England, 1500-1640", a Leverhulme-funded project led by Professor Andy Wood. The first year of this project involved extensive research across England in local record offices and archives in which Andy examined mainly legal documents generated by Church and National courts. Andy's research is now moving more online and will mine State Papers (using State Papers Online) as well as Early English Books Online (EEBO), plus local records accessed electronically.
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[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Team_Two#Dr_Andy_Burn.2C_University_of_Durham Click here to read the interview with Dr Andy Burn].
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[[File:Dr James Brown 08072016.PNG|100px|thumb|left|[http://hridigital.shef.ac.uk/brown Dr James Brown, University of Sheffield]]]
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Dr James Brown is based at the University of Sheffield. He is affiliated both to the Sheffield HRI Digital group and to the Sheffield history faculty. He is currently one of two research associates on the project [http://www.intoxicantsproject.org 'Intoxicants and Early Modernity: England, 1580-1740' (ESRC; PI: Professor Phil Withington)]. James completed his PhD at the University of Warwick on Inns, Taverns and Alehouses in Early Modern Southampton in 2008. Between 2009 and 2013 he was project coordinator and then digital project manager for 'Cultures of Knowledge: Networking the Republic of Letters, 1550-1750' at the University of Oxford (Mellon Foundation; PI: Professor Howard Hotson), overseeing (inter alia) the development of its union catalogue of sixteenth-, seventeenth-, and eighteenth-century correspondence, [http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/. Early Modern Letters Online].
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[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Team_Two#Dr_James_Brown.2C_University_of_Sheffield Click here to read the interview with Dr James Brown]
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[[File:Dr Cathryn Pearce 06072016.PNG|100px|thumbnail|left|[http://www.gre.ac.uk/ach/study/hpss/staff/cathryn-pearce Dr Cathryn Pearce, Visiting Lecturer, University of Greenwich]]]
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Dr Cathryn Pearce is an American maritime historian, living and working in the South West of England, who has studied and worked in Alaska, Canada and England. She was an active transcriber in the MarineLives project team back in 2012, when the project was first established. She received her BA in History from the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and her MA in British and Maritime history from the University of Victoria in British Columbia. She received her doctorate  in maritime studies from the University of Greenwich. She edits the peer reviewed online journal Troze for the National Maritime Museum, Cornwall.
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Cathryn's current research project is on life saving and coastal communities. This project centres on the private physical manuscript archive of the Shipwrecked Mariners Society. Cathryn has imaged the minute books of the Society, together with associated materials, and is now transcribing the material and exploring the background of the many individuals mentioned therein. The archive is located in Chichester and is a purely a paper archive with no electronic finding aids or search engine.
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[[File:Tons Ship Burthen Per Crew Member 09072017.JPG|500px|thumbnail|left|]]
  
[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Team_Two#Dr_Cathryn_Pearce.2C_University_of_Greenwich Click here to read the interview with Dr Cathryn Pearce]
 
 
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==Our volunteers==
  
==The Silver Ships research project==
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'''MarineLives is a collaborative volunteer driven project. The project started as a spinoff from a National Archives hackathon in early 2012. We are dedicated to the collaborative transcription, linkage and enrichment of primary manuscripts from the High Court of Admiralty, 1650-1669 (with some excursions into data from the 1630s and 1640s).'''
  
[[File:SilverShipsEtchingDu-Gard BL.PNG|300px|thumb|right|Etching from Thomas Violet, 'A True Narrative of som Remarkable Proceedings Concerning the Ships Sampson, Salvador, and George' (1650s). Source: British Library: [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)] licence]]
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Currently, we have just over 10,000 images available (29 GB) and 11,400 pages of full text transcriptions on the MarineLives wiki.
 +
 
 +
Please [http://marinelives.org/wiki/Special:MarineLivesContact contact us] if you would like to learn more about this summer's project and how you can help, or if you would more generally like to learn about the work of MarineLives volunteers.
  
 
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'''Three large ships (The ''Salvador'', the ''Sampson'' and the ''Saint George''), of supposed Lubeck and Hamburg build and ownership, were captured by the English in 1652 with highly valuable cargos of silver bullion.'''
 
 
'''The ships were on their way from Cadiz with bullion from the Spanish West Indies going northwards. It was disputed in the English Admiralty Court as to whether the ships were bound legally for the Spanish Netherlands, or illegally for Amsterdam.'''
 
 
The case was endowed with political as well as commercial weight - the Commonwealth, and then the Protectorate, was keen to have the bullion declared lawfull prize, but the Spanish government contested this.
 
 
The many and varied court depositions and other English Admiralty (and English and Spanish State Paper) records give very granular and highly colourful accounts of Seville and Cadiz, Hamburg and Lubeck, the Spanish Netherlands, the by-ways between the Spanish Netherlands and Amsterdam by which bullion could be smuggled overland and by canal, and the River Thames, where the ships and sailors were held following seizure.
 
 
Thomas Violet, a rather dodgy goldsmith, was involved as an agitator on behalf of the State, and published a pamphlet pleading for reimbursement of his efforts, which supplements the Admiralty Court material on the MarineLives wiki.
 
 
The Silver Ships project was launched by participants in the [http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Three_Silver_Ships#Research_goals_and_approach MarineLives 2015 summer transcription training programme] and continues to be driven by volunteers.
 
 
'''Click to [http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Three_Silver_Ships#Narrative read more]''' about the Silver ships and the historical and legal context of the resulting disputes.
 
 
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==Our team based transcription programmes==
 
 
We run regular team-based transcription programmes on-line, facilitated by trained team leaders, with teams of three or four volunteer associates. These programmes last ten weeks, and will take a transcriber from a novice to a confident transcriber in that space of time.
 
 
Please [http://marinelives.org/contact-us.html contact us] to discuss volunteering, or to explore how we might work with your University, School or Local History Society.
 
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[[File:Thomas Davies 14052015.PNG|210px|thumb|left|Thomas Davies]]
 
 
'''Thomas Davies was a third year history undergraduate student studying at Bath Spa University. In the summer of 2014, Thomas was a member of a four person virtual team of volunteers transcribing Admiralty Court witness statements from 1658 to 1660, facilitated by Dr. Philip Hnatkovich in Pennsylvania:'''
 
 
"There were some challenging aspects of the programme — the main being distance. This was because we worked as a team and half of the team were based in the United Kingdom and half were based in the United States, so we had to be aware of time differences and that we would be unable to meet in person.
 
 
To combat this we used email, Google Hangouts, and Skype and made good use of all the resources available to stay in touch when working on the documents together. We had weekly calls to discuss team business. The weekly calls helped because we would talk about the problems or issues we faced weekly and how the transcriptions were to be presented covering topics such as layout or abbreviations.
 
 
The biggest challenge I faced in the transcription itself was becoming accustomed to the peculiar writing and distinguishing letters. Some letters look very similar, such as f’s and s’s, r’s and c’s not to mention t’s and l’s. I began transcribing effectively by taking it slow and working out the letters individually instead of looking at the word as a whole as we do with modern writing. I found this approach to be very effective.
 
 
MarineLives created a Bath Spa student section that helped me significantly, showing templates of letters and the different forms they have. This allowed me to tackle the many different writing styles the clerks used. Once I was able to distinguish between letters more clearly with considerable practise, I found I could transcribe enough of the page to get a good idea of what was being said in the documents. Then, I could alter words that did not fit within the context of the deposition, or using the context as a guideline as to what certain words should be."
 
 
[http://marinelives-theshippingnews.org/blog/2015/01/05/our-team-reflections-from-the-summer-programme-2014-part-2/ Read full article]
 
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[[File:Katherine Parker 14052015.PNG|250px|thumb|left|Katherine Parker]]
 
 
'''Katherine Parker is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Pittsburgh. She is currently writing her dissertation entitled “Toward a more ‘perfect knowledge': British geographic knowledge and South Seas exploration in the eighteenth century. She participated in the MarineLives Ph.D. forum in 2013, and the MarineLives summer programme in 2014:'''
 
 
"On summer research trips to London in 2011 and 2012, I had looked at a few HCA documents and knew that the cases recorded in them offered rich material for social, economic, and naval history. Over the course of several skype meetings, I and other PhD students got to give our opinions about the proposed platform and methodology for transcription. Working with a team created a strong community aspect to the project from the beginning; I have always been impressed by the inclusiveness and openness that drives MarineLives. Also, it was refreshing to have my opinion valued as a PhD student, as sometimes that stage in one’s education is isolating and transitional—you are not yet qualified as an expert, but also not unknowledgeable about certain fields.
 
 
The value MarineLives placed on the voices of the PhD forum made me want to participate further, even though the works being transcribed were not strictly within the chronological bounds of my dissertation project. Thus, when the summer transcription project was created, I jumped at the opportunity to use paleographic and transcription skills I had gained after a year in London archives on a Social Sciences Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship (2013-14).
 
 
Writing styles change over time, just like clothing and furniture styles. Thus, the letters inscribed within HCA volumes from the mid-seventeenth century posed a challenge for me, as I am used to the fluid, upright cursive (often written by a trained scribe or clerk) of the mid-eighteenth-century Admiralty. I came to enjoy the challenge of squinting at the digital pages in front of me, willing the words to make sense, filling in paragraphs slowly until suddenly they all made sense."
 
 
[http://marinelives-theshippingnews.org/blog/2015/01/11/our-team-reflections-from-the-2014-summer-programme-part-3/ Read full article]
 
 
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==MarineLives Digital Pop Up Lab==
 
 
'''The MarineLives Digital Pop Up Lab started this week.'''
 
 
'''Team 1 will work on prototyping semi-automated handwriting recognition'''
 
 
We will explore line and text block recognition of legal documents using software tools developed by the Transkribus project. If we can get a Java coder on the team, we will embed the Transkribus tools in the MarineLives wiki. The team will work with C17th records from the English High Court of Admiralty and from the King's Bench. We will explore whether Transkribus tools can be used by volunteers to create metadata for virgin manuscripts for which there are neither existing metadata, keywords, nor full text transcriptions. We are interested in both the software and workflows required to systematise the creation of metadata and keywords to make previously "invisible" manuscript images discoverable.
 
 
[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Team_One Click here for more detail on Team One]
 
 
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    <div style="background: #b0c4de; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold;">Popular Finding Aids</div>
 
    <div style="padding: 10px;">
 
'''[[Tools: Slavery|Slavery]]''' - Lists 34 English, Dutch & Portuguese slave ships in 1650s HCA records
 
 
'''[[Tools: Probate records|Probate records]]''' - Lists full text transcriptions of merchant wills available on MarineLives wiki
 
 
'''[[Tools: London 1677 Directory probate record lookup|Probate & London directory 1677 lookup]]''' - Matches merchants in 1650s Admiralty Court records to Probate records and listing of merchants in 1677 London merchant directory
 
 
[[File:Litle London Directory 1677 JC Hotten 1863 Piece 190114 copy.PNG|thumbnail|center|200px|[https://archive.org/stream/littlelondondir00lond#page/2/mode/2up John Camden Hotten (ed.), Little London Directory of 1677 (London, 1863)]]]
 
 
</div>
 
</div>
 
 
'''Team 2 will work on tailored algorithmic search, and will prototype semantic search methods on our semantic media wiki'''
 
 
We will explore how historians approach historical search when they are looking for people, places and dates. We will look at search engines employed by archives and libraries such as the National Archives and the British Library, at search tools provided by digital resources such as British History online and at federated search tools such as Connected Histories. We will look at search tools, glossaries, and lookup tables on the MarineLives wiki. Our focus will be on how historians really work, and on how technology can be used to speed up and make more effective the day-to-day task of historical search.
 
 
An explicit goal of team two will be to understand the semantic properties of the MarineLives semantic media wiki. This wiki was implemented in May 2015 by one of our volunteers, Rowan Beentje. With four million words of full text, over 10,000 manuscript images and over 20,000 pages, improved search will have a dramatic impact for all users of the wiki. A number of potential semantic search plug-ins exist, and we would like our volunteers to specify the functionality our users need and to explore the appropriate semantic search solution.
 
 
[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Team_Two Click here for more detail on Team Two]
 
 
[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Semantic_Queries Click here for background on semantic search techniques] applied to the MarineLives wiki
 
 
[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Special:Ask Click here for access to the Special:Ask Semantic Query Form] to query our the MarineLives wiki
 
 
'''Team 3 will work on visualisation techniques'''
 
 
We will explore how visualisation techniques can be used by historians for multiple purposes - to improve the discoverability of data, to highlight and analyse linkages in data, and to aid the comprehension of data. We will undertake an analysis of our own needs as historians and will explore how software designers have approached meeting those needs.
 
 
An explicit goal of team three is to understand the visualisation potential of the MarineLives full text corpus and to explore approaches to mining the data for visualisation applications.
 
We would like to explore the use an off-the-shelf Named Entity Recogniser to detect places, ships and dates, and to visualise the results in multiple ways and for multiple analytical purposes. We would like to compare this automated approach to the generation of tagged data to the hand extraction of geographical and other tagged data. We will build off earlier work done in collaboration with the Department of Informatics at the University of Mannheim. Team members will have an opportunity to work with, and improve upon, a MarineLives dataset for C17th ship sailing times between ports and dwell time in ports
 
 
[http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Team_Three Click here for more detail on Team Three]
 
 
'''For further background please use our [http://marinelives.org/wiki/Special:MarineLivesContact contact form].'''
 
 
'''For information on the technical background to the MarineLives semantic media wiki and to the three teams, please look at [http://www.marinelives.org/wiki/Tools:_Tech_Talk 'Tech Talk' by our semantic media wiki designer, Rowan Beentje]
 
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==The Court records==
 
 
<div style="border:1px solid #90C0FF; background:#D0E0FF; width:99%; padding:4px; margin-bottom:10px">
 
<div style="border:1px solid #90C0FF; background:#F0F0FF; width:99%; padding:4px">
 
[[File:Court_Procedure_060515.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Admiralty court procedure]]
 
 
'''The [[Introduction to the High Court of Admiralty|English High Court of Admiralty]] produced a wide range of documents. [[Court Records|Click here for a full listing of the Admiralty Court records within scope of MarineLives project]]'''
 
 
The various steps in a particular case can be followed in summary form in the '''Acts of Court'''.
 
 
A case was commenced with the issuing of a '''Warrant''' by the Court, and the preparation of a '''Libell''' or an '''Allegation''' by the party commencing the case.
 
 
Prior to witnesses being called to make their depositions, the defendant or "respondent" might make a '''Personal Answer''' in response to the Libell or Allegation.
 
 
The most accessible of the court records are the statements made by witnesses, which are called '''Depositions'''. These depositions were in response to written '''Interrogatories''', which were prepared by both plaintiffs and defendants in a case.
 
 
Various written documents were submitted by plaintiffs and defendants, as well as witnesses, during a court case. Some of these have survived as loose documents in the '''Instance Papers'''.
 
 
Many cases were settled prior to the giving of a formal verdict or '''Sentence'''. For those cases which went to sentence, the sentences can be found in document bundles. These bundles often include bills of expense related to the case, and in some cases include copies of the allegations or libells, and other miscellaneous documents.
 
 
 
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==Finding Aids==
 
 
<big><div style="text-align: center;">Gallery of High Court of Admiralty deposition books <br />Finding aids by alphabet, age, folio, geography and occupation</div></big>
 
 
<gallery class="center">
 
File:HCA 13 67 FC.PNG|[[HCA 13/67|HCA 13/67]] <br />Feb 1653 - Sep 1653 <br />170 pages
 
File:HCA 13 68 Credits4.PNG|[[HCA 13/68|HCA 13/68]] <br />1653 - 1654 <br />1405 pages <br />734 deponents <br />[[HCA 13/68 Deponents|Alphabetical]] <br />[[HCA 13/68 Deponents - by folio|By Folio]]
 
File:HCA 13 70 Credits 1.png|[[HCA 13/70|HCA 13/70]] <br />1654 - 1656 <br />1511 pages <br />866 deponents <br />[[HCA 13/70 Deponents - By Folio|By Folio]]
 
File:HCA 3 71 Credits 1.png|[[HCA 13/71|HCA 13/71]] <br /> 1656 - 1657 <br />1366 pages <br />[[HCA 13/71 Deponents|Alphabetical]] <br />[[HCA 13/71 Deponents - By Geography|By Geography]]
 
File:HCA 1372 Credits.PNG|[[HCA 13/72|HCA 13/72]]  <br /> 1657 - 1659 <br />1330 pages <br />[[HCA 13/72 Deponents|Alphabetical]] <br />[[HCA 13/72 Deponents - By Age|By Age]] <br />[[HCA 13/72 Deponents - By Geography|By Geography]] <br />[[HCA 13/72 Deponents - By Occupation|By Occupation]]
 
File:HCA 13 73 Credits.png|[[HCA 13/73|HCA 13/73]]  <br /> 1659 - 1660 <br />1333 pages <br />[[HCA 13/73 Deponents|Alphabetical]] <br />[[HCA 13/73 Deponents - By Age|By Age]] <br />[[HCA 13/73 Deponents - By Folio|By Folio]] <br />[[HCA 13/73 Deponents - By Geography|By Geography]] <br />[[HCA 13/73 Deponents - By Occupation|By Occupation]]
 
File:HCA 13 76 Credits 2.PNG|[[HCA 13/76|HCA 13/76]] <br /> 1666 - 1669 <br />250 pages <br />23 deponents <br />[[HCA 13/76 Deponents - By Folio|By Folio]]
 
</gallery>
 
 
<big><div style="text-align: center;">Gallery of High Court of Admiralty Act Books and Personal Answers <br />Finding aids by folio</div></big>
 
 
<gallery class="center">
 
File:HCA 13 124 Credits 1.png|[[HCA 13/124|HCA 13/124]] <br />  Personal Answers<br />1650 - 1652 <br />385 pages <br />[[Tools: 13/124: Index of Personal Answers|By Folio]]
 
File:HCA 3 46 Credits.png|[[HCA 3/46|HCA 3/46]] <br />  Act Book <br />1654 - 1656 <br />307 pages
 
File:HCA 3 47 Credits.png|[[HCA 3/47|HCA 3/47]] <br />  Act Book<br />1656 - 1658 <br />52 pages
 
 
</gallery>
 
 
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==Themes==
 
 
<div style="border:1px solid #A3BFB1; background:#F0F0FF; width:99%; padding:4px; margin-bottom:10px">
 
<div style="background:#F0F0FF; width:99%; padding:4px">
 
 
 
<big><div style="text-align: center;">Thematic finding aids</div></big>
 
<gallery class="center">
 
 
File:Invective 11072016.PNG|[[Bad behaviour & Invective|Bad behaviour and invective]]
 
File:BOOK MAP Lygon R Map Barbados 1657 IArch DL CSG 040212.PNG|[[Tools: Slavery|Slavery]]
 
File:Jan Steen Hear It Sing It 1665 11072016.PNG|[[Inns, Taverns, and Victualling Houses|Inns, taverns & victualling houses]]
 
 
</gallery>
 

Revision as of 12:17, July 10, 2017

Summer challenge, 2017: How to make money in C17th commercial shipping?


This summer the MarineLives project team is looking at the drivers of profit and loss in C17th commercial shipping. We will publish as we go and welcome comments, contradiction, and offers of help and data.


Early results from our work

How old were the ships?
The size of our dataset for the analysis of ship age is one hundred and fifteen; of which thirteen datapoints simply state "new" or "old"; a further twenty-four datapoints are minimum ages, with the possibility that the ships were older; and seventy-eight datapoints give ship age accurate to the year. For these latter seventy-nine datapoints we have ship burthen data in tonnage for thirty-seven of them, which we display below in graphical form

The average age of ships for which we have age and tonnage data is 6.1 years (n=37), whereas the average age of ships for which we have age data accurate to the year for which we have no tonnage data is 7.1 years (n=41). We also have ship age and estimated tonnage data (based on an assumption of no dead freight) for a further nine ships, with an average age of ships pf XX (n=9).

Ship Age 10072017.JPG

Dr Ian Friel has shared with us a summary of data from his unpublished survey of High Court of Admiralty documents from the 1580s. His data are for a period forty to eighty years earlier than our own High Court of Admiralty data. Ian's survey found ages for thirty-nine ships, with an average age of nearly fifteen years and twenty-nine of them of ten years or more in age.

Comparison of textual and numerical data for 1630-1670, with the bulk of the data from the 1650s, suggest Admiralty Court witnesses regarded ships aged between zero and five years as "new" and ships of fourteen years and above as "old".

How many tons of shipping could one crew member support?
The size of our dataset for the analysis of tons of ship burthen per crew member is one hundred and sixteen. We have crew size data for one hundred and seventy-two ships, but lack ship burthen data in tons for fifty-six of these.

The average crew size for the larger dataset is 47.3, including six exceptionally manned men of war with 275 or more men per ship (n = 172). The average crew size for the smaller dataset, where we have crew number and ship tonnage is 36.5 (n=116).

Tons Ship Burthen Per Crew Member 09072017.JPG


Our volunteers


MarineLives is a collaborative volunteer driven project. The project started as a spinoff from a National Archives hackathon in early 2012. We are dedicated to the collaborative transcription, linkage and enrichment of primary manuscripts from the High Court of Admiralty, 1650-1669 (with some excursions into data from the 1630s and 1640s).

Currently, we have just over 10,000 images available (29 GB) and 11,400 pages of full text transcriptions on the MarineLives wiki.

Please contact us if you would like to learn more about this summer's project and how you can help, or if you would more generally like to learn about the work of MarineLives volunteers.

Our volunteers
Our volunteers make the MarineLives project special. Do please contact us if you would like to discuss volunteering, or if you have ideas to improve our wiki.

We would like to recognise and thank all those who have contributed to our project (in alphabetical order), whether as volunteer transcribers, annotators, commentators, advisors, interviewees, or PhD Forum participants.



Dr Aquiles Alencar-Brayner
Dr Roberta Anderson
Deborah Ashby
Rachel Bates
Rowan Beentje
Dr Richard Blakemore
Lior Blum
Katie Broke
Dr James Brown
Dr Andy Burn
Elio Calcagno
Michelle María Early Capistrán
Rachel Carter
Giovanni Colavizza
Dr Justin Colson
Thierry Daunois
Dr John Davies
Thomas Davies
Jonathan Dent
Melvyn Dresner
Dr Stuart Dunn
Professor Kai Eckert
Bob Egan
Dr Charlene Eska
Louise Falcini
Emilie-Jane Farrimond
Dr Janet Few
Sara Fox
Dr Ian Friel
Dr Perry Gauci
Marja Geesink
Adam Georgie
Jaap Geraerts
Jamie LH Goodall
Guy Grannum
Colin Greenstreet
Francesca Greenstreet
Adam Grimshaw
Karen Gunnell
Yerevag Hagopian
Dr Liam Haydon
Phillipa Hellawell
Dr Helmer Helmers
Dr Philip Hnatkovich
Rachel E. Holmes
Dr Jenni Hyde
Steve Ives
Alex Jackson
Stefan Jäggi
Elin Jones
Sue Jones
Ross Keel
Dr Patricia Keller
William Kellett
Sara Kerr
John Kuhn
John Layt
Sjoerd Levelt
John Levin
Grace Mallon
Simon Marsh
Dr Alan Marshall
John Miller
Anne Mills
Kate Morant
Matthias Müller-Prove
Professor Steve Murdoch
Dr Shavana Musa
Harriet Richardson
Gordon O'Sullivan
Katherine Parker
David Pashley
Dr Cathryn Pearce
Nga Phan-Bellis
Professor Simone Paolo Ponzetto
Jo Pugh
Patrizia Rebulla
Bethan Reynolds
Daniel Richards
Andrew Richens
Dr Mia Ridge
Dominique Ritze
Dr Gavin Robinson
Margaret Schotte
Steven Schrum
Laura Seymour
Ida Sjoberg
Edmond Smith
Daniel Stewart-Roberts
Chad Stolper
Roger Towner
Alexis Truax
Dr William Tullett
Oliver Turner
Dr Brodie Waddell
Samuel Watson
Jill Wilcox
Royline Williams-Fontenelle
Ad van der Zee
Dr Kathrin Zickermann
Dr Suze Zijlstra
Cäcilia Zirn
and the ever helpful but anonymous @_mapnut