ERC Exeter paper research

ERC Exeter paper research

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- HCA 13/71 f.XXXX Case: XXXX; Deposition: XXXX; Date: XXXX. Transcribed by XXXX

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PhD Forum
PhD Forum Themes
Whalers exempt from impress, 1654

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People

J. Segersz, van der Brugge's "Journael," 1635, 'dic op Spitsbergen Overwintert zijn', p. 31

Edward Ashmore

- Of Saint Mary Matsellon (alisa Whitechappell), butcher, aged 42

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

SEE: PROB 11/365/1 Will of Richard Ashmore, Butcher of Deptford, Kent 07 January 1681

Richard Batson

- London merchant; part owner, freighter and imployer of the Owners Adventure and part freighter and imployer of the Greyhound (HCA 13/71 f.500r).

- Appears in other archival records sometimes as "Battison" (Batson & Company; Battison and Company).

- Richard Batison and Company's interest in the Greenland fisheries may have been a substantial one, in terms both of capital commitment and activity. He was certainly active in sending out whaling ships prior to 1656. Moreover, he employed men with extensive experience of the trade. For example, Robert Kirton, hired as overseer of the land men, stated in his deposition that he had "gone sixteene or eighteene severall voyages to Greeneland." However, is unclear whether Humphrey Beane and Gowen Gold(e)gay, his partners in the 1656 adventure involving the Owners' Adventure and the Greyhound, were long term partners in this trade.

When the Yarmouth merchant and whaler, Thomas Horth (alt. Howarth), proposed in ?1654 that English merchants should supply 3000 tons and 500 men for the Greenland fisheries, he pencilled in 200 tons for "Battison and partners." A further 300 tons were suggested for Whitwell and partners, 500 tons for unnamed Yarmouth merchants, and 1600 tons for unnamed London merchants. When certificates of exemption from the impress of harpooners and steersmen were issued in early 1654 a specific protection was issued Richard Batson and Company for fourteen harpooners.

- There is some evidence to suggest that Richard Batson was attracted to capital intensive, process oriented industrial activities, with a Richard Batson, merchant, and a partner and fellow merchant, Edmond Lewin, acquiring a glass house in Goodman's Yard, the Minories, in 1651. As always, with prosopographical resconstruction, it is hard to be certain that all the identities are congruent.

- SEE ALSO: "21 July 1641 -- Petition of Sir Robert Mansell, Vice-Admiral of England: notwithstanding the order of the 13th of May last, confirming to petitioner the sole right of making glass, Richard Batson and others have in contempt imported great quantities of glasses."

- The Batson of HCA 13/71 may be Richard Batson, citizen and cutler (b. ?, d. ca. 1667), whose daughter married John Bendish, son of Sir Thomas Bendish, the English ambassador to Constantinople (a friend of Sir George Oxenden). J.R. Woodhead (1966) provides a sketchy outline of Richard Batson, the cutler.

- SEE ALSO: "Deed to lead to the uses of a common recovery

(i) Sir Thomas Bendish of Steeple Bumpstead Baronet, John Bendish son of Sir Thomas Bendish, his wife Martha Bendish
(ii) Richard Batson of London, merchant, Thomas Batson the younger of London, merchant
(iii) Thomas Plampin of London, silkman and and Francis Pemberton of the Inner Temple, London

In consideration of the marriage of John Bendish and Martha, daughter of Richard Batson. Recites marriage settlement of £6000 and articles of agrrement of 13 July 1663

The manors and lordships of Steeple Bumpstead, Bower Hall, Royley, Robtofts, Bendish, alias Old Hall, Bloyes [Blois] and Waltons, in the parishes of Steeple Bumpstead, Ridgewell, Hempstead, Stambourne, Helions Bumpstead and Haverhill, farms called Waltons, Old Hall, Old Parke, New Parke, an unnamed farm in the tenure of Robert Bun, Stambourne Farm, Bloyes, Smith Green, the Mill Ground, farms in the tenure of Mrs Perry, widow, Dean Farm, unnamed farms in the tenure of Richard Pepys, John Renolds, Thomas Arnett, Thomas Fitch, George Whale and all other messuages owned by Sir Thomas Bendish and John Bendish in the above parishes"
(https://secureweb1.essexcc.gov.uk/seaxpam2012/ViewCatalogue.aspx?ID=146017 Essex Record Office: Estate and Family Records: Miscellaneous deeds and maps of Essex: D/DQ 41/39 2 October 1663)

SEE: 4 An account of Greenland from Capt. Lancelott Anderson,
a Hull merchant who has made thirty-three voyages thither.
British Museum, MS. Sloane, 3986, ff. 78, 79.
- Lancelott Anderson was a whaling captain of
Hull. He was on the whaling ship which rescued
in May, 1631, the eight English whalemen who had
been left behind on Spitsbergen the previous year,
and were the first to winter there. 1 He is also
mentioned in a list of those engaged in the whaling
in 1654.

Mr Gray was one of the crew of the Salutation,
Captain Mason, which was at the Spitsbergen fishery
in 1630. He wrote an account of the whale fishery,
which is in the Register Book of the Royal Society
(1662-3), entitled, " The Manner of the Whale-
fishing in Greenland, given by Mr Gray to Mr
Oldenburg for the Society."

http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/j-travis-james-travis-jenkins/a-history-of-the-whale-fisheries--from-the-basque-fisheries-of-the-tenth-centur-hci/page-9-a-history-of-the-whale-fisheries--from-the-basque-fisheries-of-the-tenth-centur-hci.shtml

Yarmouth primary sources

CUST 97: Outport Records: Yarmouth, Lowestoft, Southwold:
- This series contains outport records from Yarmouth, Lowestoft and Southwold. Comprising orders etc. of the Board of Customs and the Board of Customs and Excise to the Collectors at Yarmouth, 1662 to 1914, Lowestoft, 1862 to 1900 and Southwold, 1709 to 1720, 1748 to 1819. Letter books, collectors to board, Yarmouth, 1684 to 1917, Lowestoft, 1866 to 1908 and Southwold, 1709 to 1722, 1795 to 1827. General letter books, 1790 to 1945 and order and report books, 1723 to 1831, of the collector, Yarmouth, together with order books, 1816 to 1888, of the Tide Surveyor there and miscellaneous registers and orders, mainly concerning staff, 1777 to 1905. Letter books, Lowestoft, general, 1876 to 1896, wreck, 1871 to 1888 and Board of Trade, 1904 to 1908 are also part of the series.
- http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C5673, viewed 27/01/13

E 190/493/14 THE PORT OF YARMOUTH. Port: YARMOUTH Official: Controller Overseas. 48 fos. Xmas 1662 - Xmas 1663
- http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C828797, viewed 27/01/13

E 190/586/7 : THE PORT OF YARMOUTH. Port: YARMOUTH Official: Customer and Controller Coastal.: 17 fos.: Xmas 1647 - Xmas 1648
- http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C828786, viewed 27/01/13

SP 46/96/fo4 Order of the Navy Committee, in the dispute between the Fellowship of Merchants for the Discovery of New Trades and certain merchants of Yarmouth, that for the next four years the whale fishing in Bell Sound and Horn Sound, Greenland [Spitsbergen] shall be reserved solely for the Fellowship, and the rest of the coast left free for the Yarmouth merchants Copy. 1645 Apr. 12

ADM 106/315/176 Captain A. Beare, Master Attendant, Woolwich. Yesterday the Yarmouth was in Gallions and with the help of boatswain Downing and some riggers he eventually got her down to Half Way Tree, anchored, tacked the ship in Erith Reach 9 times, and despite two ships running ashore, the Yarmouth is now safely moored in Longreach. 1675 Jun 2

Possible Batson records

• Volume 67, March 1-17, 1654, 01 March 1654-17 March 1654

"85. , with orders to them to attend on Friday, and note of Hum. Beane and Rich. Batson to attend for Mr. Batson and co. [1 page . ] March 16. 86. Petition of Anne Countess of Lauderdale to the Subscribers-only content:

• "March 8. (1653/54) 42. Proposals delivered [by Mr. Whitwell] on the rules of the

Committee of Council about the Greenland trade.

1. That in the quorum of seven of the committee, there should be
one of each interest, unless those having notice neglect to appear.

2. That notice of those intending to ship to Greenland should be
given in before 10 March.

3. That the Muscovy Company and Hull Adventurers should have
2/3 of this year's fishing, and Horth, Batson, and Whitwell the other 1/3.

4. That as the fishing season draws near, the names of the proposed
committee be given in at Founders' hall next Thursday, and that
they meet each Tuesday and Thursday. With request for protection
from impress for the mariners and harpooners to be employed.
[1 page.]"

SEE: p. 16, CSPD: 1654 (London, 1880):
- http://www02.us.archive.org/stream/abd6186.0007.001.umich.edu#page/n63/mode/2up, viewed 12/01713

• "March 9. (1653/54) 46. Edw. Whitwell to Wm. Jessop, Whitehall. I send you 4

London. names ; Arnold Beake, Thos. Muschamp, John Warner, and Edw.
Whitwell, in whom our friends are willing to confide. Also names
of 21 persons of such consequence to the [Greenland] voyage that
it would be overthrown without them ; they should be saved from
impress. Mr. Perkins has always been of the Muscovy company.
[2/3 page.]

March 9. 47. Rich. Batson to Thos. Horth. Let Ald. Ashe know that I
desire myself and Hum. Beane to be of the Committee. [Scrap.]

March 9. 48. List by Thos. Horth of adventurers for Greenland. Thos.
Meadowes of Yarmouth, Major Robert Huntingdon, Thos Horth,
sen., Thos. Horth, jun. [Scrap.]

SEE: p. 17, CSPD: 1654 (London, 1880)
- http://www02.us.archive.org/stream/abd6186.0007.001.umich.edu#page/n65/mode/2up, viewed 12/01/13

• "March 15. (1653/54) 84. Order in the Committee for Greenland, on presentation of

names of persons to attend this Committee, that Fras. Ashe, John
Dickons, and Hugh Norris attend for the Muscovy Company ; for
Edw. Whitwell and co., John Warner, and Edw. Whitwell ; for Thos.
Horth, and CO., Thos. Horth, sen., and for Rich. Perkins, Fras. Pargiter.
[Draft, 1 page.] Annexing,

84. i. List of 'natives presented by the Muscovy Company for their
committee, viz., Ashe, Dickons, and Norris, Steven Whyte,
and Phil. Colley. [Scrap.]

84. ii. Note by Rich, Hawkins of names drawn by the Hull
Adventurers for their committee, viz. : Roger Drayton,
John Jolliffe, Geo. Poyner, Fras. Pargiter, Rob. Cumminge.
[Scrap.]

March 15. 85. List of the names accepted, with orders to them to attend on
Friday, and note of Hum. Beane and Rich. Batson to attend for
Mr. Batson and co. [1 page.]"

SEE: p.30, CSPD: 1654 (London, 1880)
- http://www02.us.archive.org/stream/abd6186.0007.001.umich.edu#page/n77/mode/2up, viewed 12/01/13

• "[April] 98. Ordinance for regulation of the Greenland fishing, that Fras.

Ashe and 9 others nominated by the Muscovy Company, Arnold
Becke and 3 others by Whitwell, Thos. Medowes and 4 others by
Horth, Hum. Beane and 2 others by Batson, and Rich. Eccleston, and
Rob. Ostler by the Hull Company, be the Committee to receive the
adventurers' lists and securities, direct the ships, settle the dividends,
&c, according to the regulations already proposed. [Draft, 6 sheets.]

SEE: p.136, CSPD: 1654 (London, 1880)
- http://www02.us.archive.org/stream/abd6186.0007.001.umich.edu#page/135/mode/2up, viewed 12/01/13

• Essex Record Office: D/DHf F48: Receipts, 1663-1666: Receipts between Sir Thomas Bendish and Richard Batson and Jonathan Dawes in settlement of a marriage portion.

• Essex Record Office: D/DHf F49: Release: 22 January 1675/76: Release by Sarah Bridgewood of London, spinster, granddaughter of Richard Batson, late citizen and cutler of London deceased to Sir John Bendysh and Dame Martha his wife, only surviving daughter of Richard Batson's estate

• Essex Record Office: D/DHt T49/21: sale: 1 October 1663: Sir Thomas Bendish, baronet and John Bendish, his s. & h.; Sale by Sir Thomas Bendish, baronet and John Bendish, his s. & h., Richard Batson, and Thomas Batson, jun., merchants of London: Manors of Steeple Bumpstead, `Bower Hall', `Royley', Robtofts', `Bendish or Old Hall', `Bloys' and `Waltons', with lands in the Bumpstead Ridgewell, Stambourne, Hempstead and Haverhill.

• Charles II - volume 111, January 20-31, 1665, 20 January 1665-31 January 1665

- 121. ] [Jan. 24. ] Reference to Dr. Exton, judge of the Admiralty Court, on the petition of Rich. Batson, merchant, requiring him to take such order as is consistent with the rules of the court, or report his Subscribers-only content

Humfrey Beane

- London merchant; part owner, freighter and imployer of the Owners Adventure and part freighter and imployer of the Greyhound (HCA 13/71 f.500r)

- Colin: Probably Humphrey (alt. Humfry) Beane (b. ?1613, d. 1679/80), of Ebisham (alt. Epsom), Surrey. J. R. Woodhead characterises him as a cordwainer, available at the Turkey Walk on the Exchange. A dissenter, he was buried in Bunhill Fields. Woodhead, drawing on CHW Mander (1931:82n.), states that Humphrey Beane had "great interest in Greenland whale fisheries."

- Colin (07/11/12): Humphrey Beane's commercial interests included the Barbados and Virginia trade, as can be seen from the case of XXXX, later in HCA 13/71. In this case, Beane is described as part-owner of the XXX, a ship seized by the Portuguese with a cargo of XXX black slaves (HCA 13/71 ff.XYY-XXX)

- Colin: The daughter and heiress of Humphrey Beane, cordwainer, Elizabeth, married by 1667 (Sir) John Parsons (b.1639, d.1717) of Well Close Square, Ratcliffe, Middlesex, and the Priory, Reigate. Humphrey Beane's residence is given by Cruickshank et al. (XXXX), as "of Sr. Mary Axe, London, and Epsom, Surr."

• (From Strype) "Humfrey Beane of London, Esq; Jan. 17. Anno salvationis Mundi 1679. ætat. suæ 66.

Who after he had liv'd to see
In two Worlds much Vanity:
But in the Third he is at Rest
With the Eternal, and there blest.
A God he did believe to be
Triune in one and Veritie.
His Form is ceast, his Life cant dy;
But's gon from Time into Eternity.
So that blest Soul hath tane his Flight
From earthly Body into Heaven's Light.
Where he in Glory now's at Liberty,
To praise the Lord to all Eternity.

[This Beane fined for Alderman, and was of the Sect of the Sweet Singers; and some of that Society, I suppose, made these Verses for him.]

SEE: http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/strype/TransformServlet?page=book4_056, viewed 12/01/13

• "House of Commons Journal Volume 7, 7 October 1659, 07 October 1659-07 October 1659

next following. Colonel White reports from the Commissioners for bringing in the Arrears of the Revenue, The Proposition of Humfrey Beane , laid down in his Petition to the said Commissioners; That having addressed himself to the said Commissioners; and..."

• "Charles II - volume 151, March 13-23, 1666, 13 March 1666-23 March 1666

Hope, for which not one warrant is yet received. [ Adm. Paper . ] March 21. Tower Hill. 93. Humphrey Beane to Sam. Pepys. Sends bills for the Royal Exchange and Constant Katherine; they want assignment on Sir Thos. Player, Subscribers-only content..."

• "Volume 37, June 1653, 01 June 1653-30 June 1653

from Flanders. 23. The petition of Richard Bedwell referred to the Committee for Prisoners. 24. Order on petition of Humphrey Beane, merchant, and the rest of the owners and freighters of the Peace of London, setting forth that being bound Subscribers-only content..."

• "Volume 41, November 1653, 01 November 1653-30 November 1653

Mr. Beane and others, and that Fishman went to look after the ship, and Child as master, both on wages. That she took a Dutch prize, and the Council of State, on 10 June 1653, adjudged thereof to Beane and Subscribers-only content..."

• "Warrants of the Council of State for the Payment of Money, 01 January 1651-31 October 1651

for repairs at Scilly and for the charges of the garrison there. 250 0 0 54 " 28 " Humphrey Beane for Thos. Collingwood. For 8 days' demurrage for the Hercules of Yarmouth while in Scotland. 12 0 0 55 Subscribers-only content..."

Mathew Boulding (alt. Bowlding)

- Harpooneere (HCA 13/71 f.485v)

Thomas Chantry (alt. Chantrie)

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Cooper's mate, of Saint Bottolphe Algate, aged 25

Mr. Richard Child

- Captain of another English whaling ship

- (William Clarkson, carpenter) " the sayd Damerell after hee came from on board the sayd Pybus his shipp as aforesayd kept company with the sayd Pybus and three other London shipps whereof Richard Child William Welch and James Golding were Masters untill about the fifteenth of June last" (HCA 13/71 f.473r)

William Clarkson

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Of Shadwell in the parish of Stepney and County of Middlesex

- Shipwright; Carpenter of the Owners Adventure, aged twenty nine

John Colville

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Mariner, Gunner of the Owners Adventure, of Ratcliff in the parish of Stepney, Middlesex

- "hee was Gunner of the Owners Adventure the voyage in question, and hath not commenced any action against the Interrogate Batson Beane and Golderne or any of them for wayges for t{he} voyage ˹in question˺ nor intendeth to commence any unlesse hee bee enforced thereunto by their uniust dealeings in denying to pay him what is due to him" (HCA 13/71 f.472r)

Thomas Damerell

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Master of Owners Adventure, and "commander, director and orderer of the Greyhound" (HCA 13/71 f.500v)

- Mariner, of Lymehouse, in the parish of Stepney, Middlesex; aged 37 in December 1656, so b. ca. 1619 (one year before Sir George Oxenden (b.1620, d. 1669))

- Damerell is a name which shows considerable orthographical variation, and subsequent further variation through probable mistranscription, for example: Damerell; Damarall; Damerill; Dammarill; Damorill; Damroll; Danrell; Dameryll; Dumerill

- A number of male and female Damerells (and name variants) appear in the records of the parish of Saint Dunstan's, Stepney, in the 1630 to 1670 period, including children born to a Thomas Damerell.

- Several of the male Stepney Damerells are identified as mariners of Limehouse. Probate was granted in October 1631 to Rachel Damerell, wife of James Damerell, of Limehouse, in the parish of Stepney, who was identified as mariner "deceased abroad." The marriage of a William Damerell, "marriner", of Lymehouse, Stepney, appears in the printed marriage records the parish of Saint Dunstan's in the month of August 1652.

- A "Thomas Damarell" is listed in a September 1650 petition to the Naval Commisioners as a mariner on the Adventure, under the command of Captain Wyard.

- Casual inspection of varied records suggests that "Damerell" may be a Devon name

John Ely

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Mariner, of Saint Mary Magdalen Bermondsey, county of Surrey, aged 28 in late 1656

Maurice ffoarde

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Brewer, aged thirty, hired by Damarell to "to goe a copper man for boyleing of the whales taken the sayd voyage" (HCA 13/71 f.494r)

- Criticised by Thomas Damarell in his deposition, for allegedly giving false testimony in favour of Batson et al. in return for payment of his wages. Damarell deposed that:

"hee heard the sayd Maurice fford saye that (who is one of those whose names are subscribed to the sayd noate saye, that if the (speakeing of the sayd Batson) and meaning also the sayd Beane (as this deponent beleeveth) had not promised to pay him his wages, hee would have seene them hanged before hee would have come into Court (meaning this Court) to testifie on their behalfe" (ADD REFERENCE)

Henry ffreeman

- Shipped on the Greyhound

- Lead name in wages suit against Batson et al on behalf of crew of the Greyhound (HCA 13/128)

James Golding (alt. Goulding)

- Captain of another English whaling ship (described as one of four London ships, whose masters were Pybus, Golding, Welch, and Child)

- (William Clarkson, carpenter) " the sayd Damerell after hee came from on board the sayd Pybus his shipp as aforesayd kept company with the sayd Pybus and three other London shipps whereof Richard Child William Welch and James Golding were Masters untill about the fifteenth of June last" (HCA 13/71 f.473r)

It is William Clarkson, the carpenter of the Owners Adventure, who brings the character of Captain James Golding alive. Thomas Damerell, the Master of The Owners Adventure, had gone aboard Golding's ship, to which he was moored by the ice sheet, to consult with Golding and Welch, another ship's master, to whom he was likewise moored:

- (William Clarkson, carpenter) "the arlate Master Golding (leaning over the Quarter of his own shipp) called to Richard Maundry then aboard the Owners Adventure and sayd thus, or the like in effect, dick, I thinke your Master (meaning the sayd damerell) is madd, for hee hath bin at vs (meaning himselfe and the sayd Master Welch) to worke further into the Ice toward shoare, and seeing our selves to the Northward of our harbour thinke it to gett in, the Ice being soe thick and wee soe farr northerly, that and are therefore mynded to worke out to sea againe" (HCA 13/71 f.473v)

Gowen ?Golderne (alt. Goldagne; Goldegan; Gouldegay; Goldegay; Goldgay; goldigay)

- London merchant; part owner, freighter and imployer of the Owners Adventure and part freighter and imployer of the Greyhound (HCA 13/71 f.500r)

- Colin: Possibly Gowen Goldegay. Gowen Goldegay (b. ?1614, d. ca. 1657), of Whitefriars, City of London. 'Mr. Gowen Goldegay,' was appointed to 'a Committee for the Militia, of and within the Borough of Southwarke, and Parts adjacent within the Lines of Communication, on the South Side of the River of Thames, in the County of Surrey' in September 1647.

- Colin: It is extremely hard to find commercial reference to Gowen Goldegay (and name variants). He appears in an order from the Commissioners of Customs and Excise, dated May 11 1658, who were trying to recover debts and arrears owing to the late Prize Commissioners from 1653.

• "they find from the late Prize Goods' Commissioners that in 1653, 53,000 lbs. of tobacco, now at Yarmouth, taken in the Hollander of Flushing, was sold to Gowen Goldegay, and by him transferred to others, who refuse to take it away, so that it is perished, and none will buy it, as not being worth customs and excise"

Edward Gosling (alt. Goslin)

- Masters mate and harpooner

Edward Gosling was an experienced mariner and harpooner. Several deponents mention knowing him for between three and seven years, with XXX stating he had been on whaling voyages to Greenland for the last three years (presumably 1654, 1655, and 1656) and XXX stating that he has been with him on several voyages in several different ships in the last six or seven years. XXXX further states that from hearsay Gosling had been involved in Greenland whaling for many years before 1654,

- (XXXX, XXXX) "hee hath known the arlate Gosling and Marner for these 3 yeares last past during which tyme they have used the ffishing trade at Greenland (and as hee hath heard, for many yeares before that)" (HCA 13/71 f.376v)

- (John Ely, mariner) "hee hath knowne the sayd Goslin for these sixe or seaven yeares and gone in severall shipps with him severall voyages wherein the sayd Goslin hath served as Masters mate and observed that in all these voyages he behaved himselfe civilly and was carefull of his task committed to him and was reputed an able and experienced seaman and a man of good life and conversation" (HCA 13/71 f.467r)

- (John Colville, mariner and gunner) "hee hath heard that the sayd Maundry and Gosling have used the Greeneland trade divers yeares and borne office in severall shipps to ther and behaved them selves well and honestly in their places" (HCA 13/71 f.471v)

Edward Gosling was a known quantity to Richard Batson, having been on several past voyages on behalf of Batson & Company:

- (Richard Batson, merchant) "he beleeveth y:e sd Gosling did goe to Greeneland on severall voiages for this rendent 1ne Comp:ie"(HCA 13/128: answer of Richard Batson: Case: Edward Gosling, wages: Answer: Richard Batson: Date: 13th February 1666(67))

John Colville, the carpenter of the Owners Adventure confirms that Gosling has shipped before for Batson, saying he

- "beleeveth that hee hath gone former voyages to Greeneland for the sayd Batson" (HCA 13/73 f.473v (actually f.472v))

Moreover, Batson clearly knew Gosling personally:

"after such time as the sd ship arlate arrived at Blackwall this rendent did give the sd Gosling a Cup of beere at London & tould him when the ship was discharged he would talke further with him about the voiage in question or to that effect" (HCA 13/128: answer of Richard Batson: Case: Edward Gosling, wages: Answer: Richard Batson: Date: 13th February 1666(67))

All deponents agree that there was considerable friction between Gosling and Thomas Damerell, the Master of the Owners Adventure and commander of the Greyhound:

- "after the comming out of the Ice the sayd Gosling Maundrie Humphreys and others harponeeres had difference with the Master and refused to obey his Command about helpeing to kill the whale aforesayd" (HCA 13/71 f.497r)

Laura: Gosling's 'mutinous mammer'. There is quite a good passage describing Gosling's refusal to obey orders from f. 480r: Dammerel says of Gosling that he 'did in a mutinous mammer saye thus or the like in effect wee (meaning him selfe and the rest of the Company of the Owners Adventure) will goe noe further, and speaking to this deponent sayde wee will see ye hanged before wee will goe any further with such a roague and a foole'

William Humfrey

- Member of company of Owners Adventure and harpooner

Detail of Smerenburg land station of the Noordsche Compagnie on Amsterdamøya Island, off northwest coast of West-Spitsbergen, Cornelis de Man, 1639

Richard Kirton

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Of Ratcliff, in the parish of Stepney, Middlesex

- "[Richard Kirton] Overseer of the Land men of the Owners Adventure and Greyhound the voyage in question and was by his office to Oversee the land men of both the Owners Adventure and the Greyhound that they did their office and duty in cutting up and boyleing and orderring of such whales as should bee taken the sayd voyage" (HCA 13/71 f.500v)

- ""hee [Richard Kirton] having gone sixteene or eighteene severall voyages to Greeneland knoweth that some of those voyages there hath bin little or noe Ice at all upon the Coast and therefore lesse danger than was the voyage in question" (HCA 13/71 f.501r)

London whalers

- Colin: It would be interesting to look at the names of the independent or interloping London whalers, who competed in the 1650s with the "officially" sanctioned English Muscovy company. Scott, 1910: 73, suggests that there were 50 or 55 members of the Greenland company in the early 1650s, and an unspecified number of individual interlopers. He suggests that the interlopers posed as individuals, yet were in fact organised in small companies or partnerships.

- Colin: It would be interesting to compare the campaign of the whaling interlopers in the 1640s and the 1650s against the claimed monopoly rights of the Muscovy company with a similarly timed campaign by interlopers seeking to penetrate the East India trade. Non-conformism and a parliamentarian orientation had a role, it would appear, in both campaigns, though to what extent remains to be determined. East Indian interloping was complex, and should not be reductively associated with just one religious or political strand. Moreover, attitudes were labile in these changeable times.

In the case of the whaling interlopers, Scott, 1910:73 has identifed "Edward Bushell & Co."as a recognised interloping company. Edward Bushell was also known for his involvement in the Portuguese, Brazilian and Barbados trade, in partnership with his brothers. He appears frequently in HCA records in the late 1640s and throughout the 1650s, often in the context of his involvement in the Portuguese Brazil company.

Edward Bushell, London merchant, was a partner of William Bird, London merchant. Both Bushell and Bird were dissenters, and both men had country residences in Hackney. However, Bushell's place of business being Little Saint Hellens, in the London parish of Saint Hellen's Bishopsgate, where he was recorded with eleven hearths in 1666.

Assuming that Humphrey Beane and Gowen Goldegay were long term partners of Richard Batson in whaling, then Batson and company, also had a dissenting and parliamentarian flavour. Humphrey Beane was a known dissenter, who was buried in Bunhill Fields, and Gowen Goldegay was involved in the Southwark militia.

Richard Maundrie (alt. Maundrey or Manndery)

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Masters mate and harpooner

- Colin: Just possibly, Richard Maundrey was a mariner of Leigh, Essex. A Leigh resident of this name was recorded in a 1671 land transaction as the second son of John Mandry, a Leigh mariner. Furthermore, a John Maundrey, mariner, of Leigh, Essex, was recorded in the Essex session rolls of Michaelmas 1624 as being given a recognizance "for beating Richard Haddock's childe de Lee." Speculatively, Richard Maundrey's putative father may have left a will proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury in 1660, recording him as a mariner of Lee in the county of Essex.

- Colin: The Thames estuary town of Leigh (alt. Leigh-on-sea; Lee), together with the neighbouring Eastwood, was home in the early seventeenth century to a number of important mariner and merchant families. The town was located on north shore of the Thames estuary, just to the east of Benfleet and Canvey island, and about fifteen miles downstream of Tilbury and Gravesend. Samuel Purchas, author of the Pilgrimage, was also a Leigh resident. For a profile of the town see Leigh (alias Lee), Essex

- Colin: William Goodlad (b. c.1576, d. ?1639), was a resident of Leigh, where he was also buried. He had been active in the Greenland fisheries since at least 1620. Purchas (1625) printed a letter from Captain William Goodlard (sic), dated 8 July 1623, sent from Bell-sound (on Spitsbergen) to vice-admiral William Heley. The letter reported the capture of "three and thirtie" whales in the sound, a very superior result to that of the Owners Adventure and the Greyhound in 1656. On his tombstone, awaiting the second coming of his saviour, he was described as "Capr. WILLIAM GOODLAD, Chiefe Commander of the Greenland Fleet XX [20] yeares, and Maister of the Trinity House in anno 1638"

- Colin: It is plausible that other members of Leigh mariners families were involved in the Greenland fisheries, and it would merit research to see if any members of the Owners Adventure and the Greyhound can definitely be linked to Leigh. In addition to the possible Maundry family connection, there is a possible Gostlin (alt. Gostling) family link, though this family name was more common in the C17th than that of Maundry.

- John Colvile, of Ratcliff in the parish of Stepney, Middlesex, mariner and gunner of the Owners Adventure: "hee hath heard that the sayd Maundry and Gosling have used the Greeneland trade divers yeares and borne office in severall shipps to ther and behaved them selves well and honestly in their places" (HCA 13/71 f.471v)

Richard Parker

- Harpooner and boatswaine of the Owners Adventure

- "during such tyme as the Owners Adventure and Greyhound were at Sea after their comming out of the Ice as aforesayd on Richard Parker a harponeere and boat swaine of the Owners Adventure did fasten an Iron to a wale and the arlate humfreys fastened alsoe an other Iron to her and Gosling and Maundrie and other harponeeres made fast their boates to the sayd Parker and humfrey to helpe to tyre the whale with toweing, and after they had soe bin towed by her about twelve howers the sayd humfrey cut loose his warpe and hee and the sayd Gosling and Maundry and their boates Crews and the other harponeeres and their Crewes (all but the sayd Parker and his Crew) came aboard the Owners Adventure and left the sayd Parker fast to the whale and gave over the chase And the sayd Damerell askeing them why they came away being the sayd Parker continued fast to her whereto they answered that shee towed soe swiftly that they were not able to gett neere her to fasten any more Irons in her nor to lannce her ˹by reason˺ shee towed soe feircely and the sea was soe rough, and sayd shee could not bee killed or to that effect whereupon the sayd whale afterwards comming neere to the shipp side and Parker continueing fast to her the sayd Damerell asked the sayd Parker why hee did not cutt away alsoe, of to that effect whereupon the sayd Parker cutt away and came on board alsoe and lett the whale goe" (HCA 13/71 f.500Av, f. 501r)

Master John Pybus (alt. Pibus)

- Captain of another English whaling ship

- The depositions in HCA 13/71 usually referr to "Mr Pibus" or "Mr. Pybus", but the testimony of William Clarkson, the carpenter on the Owners Adventure, refers clearly to "John Pibus" (HCA 13/71 f.473r)

- (William Clarkson, carpenter) " the sayd Damerell after hee came from on board the sayd Pybus his shipp as aforesayd kept company with the sayd Pybus and three other London shipps whereof Richard Child William Welch and James Golding were Masters untill about the fifteenth of June last" (HCA 13/71 f.473r)

- Appleby identifies "John Pybus, aged 44, of Greenwich, who was employed as master aboard the Adventure of Hull in 1656" (Appleby, 2008: 46). Appleby's source is HCA 13/71, ff.587r-588v. Pybus, by his own deposition, had served as master on five voyages to Spitsbergen and had been "master and harponeere" on an additional eleven voyages.

- A certificate for protection from impress was issued on April 14, 1657 for "John Pibus, master, and 17 on the Damasell"

- The forfeitures of a "John Pibus" were granted to the Duke of Ormond in 1661. The forfeitures were the consequence of his condemnation in the Admiralty Court for "having seized a ship and goods belonging to merchants of the United Provinces."

- The Kent hearth tax returns of 1664 show "Highstreet West (chargeable)...Capt[ain] Thomas Pibus 6 hearths." Highstreet West is listed within East Greenwich in the 1664 Kent hearth tax returns. For selected names from the East Greenwich hearth tax data (merchants, mariners, and individuals who can be matched to surviving Prerogative Court of Canterbury inventories, see East Greenwich hearth tax, 1664

- A "Capt. John Pybus of Greenwich" was recorded in 1666 in a communication in May 1666 between the Masters and Wardens of Trinity House and the Naval Commissioners as being master of the Sovereign.

- A "Captain John Pibus" was the subject of a memorial from the Lords for the King's Council. Pibus had served as master of the Royal Sovereign in the late war, apparently faithfully, and it was now recommended to the King that he benefit from half-pay. An accompanying note to the source states that Pibus was "late commander of the Fanfan yacht."

- Pybus is a name associated in the C16th and C17th with Yorkshire

Edward Reynolds

- Deponent in HCA 13/71 Batson against Goslin and others

- Of the parish of Saint Botolph Algate London

- Cooper; Cooper of the Owners Adventure for the voyage in question; aged fifty yeares

William Welch

- Captain of another English whaling ship

- (William Clarkson, carpenter) " the sayd Damerell after hee came from on board the sayd Pybus his shipp as aforesayd kept company with the sayd Pybus and three other London shipps whereof Richard Child William Welch and James Golding were Masters untill about the fifteenth of June last" (HCA 13/71 f.473r)

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